DEVELOPING MORAL WISDOM IN ISLAM

In the name of Allah, the Gracious, the Merciful Acquiring ethical wisdom and moral intuition is a skill that must be developed over a lifetime of study, contemplation, and practice. It is not something that can be acquired by reading a single book or adhering to a single code, because the nature of ethics involves weighing multiple moral imperatives and variables that might sometimes conflict.
There are three main aspects of ethical philosophy or moral reasoning in Islam: virtues, duties, context.
Virtues relate to the purpose or value underpinning the deed, duties relate to the manner or modality of the deed, and context relates to the timing of the deed.
Ibn al-Qayyim writes: الْحِكْمَةُ إِذًا فِعْلُ مَا يَنْبَغِي عَلَى الْوَجْهِ الَّذِي يَنْبَغِي فِي الْوَقْتِ الَّذِي يَنْبَغِي Wisdom is to act as one should, in the manner that one should, in the time that one should. Source: Madārij al-Sālikīn 3/449 Hence, whoever can appropriately assess and balance these three variables in relation to a moral problem will achieve  wisdom . When these three variables conflict and it is unclear which moral imperative is strongest, it is called a  moral dilemma .